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1000字范文 > Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.8(FastCGI)搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器(第4版)

Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.8(FastCGI)搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器(第4版)

时间:2023-05-23 23:03:36

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Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.8(FastCGI)搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器(第4版)

[文章作者:张宴 本文版本:v4.14 最后修改: .04.14 转载请注明原文链接: /nginx_php_v4/ ]

前言:本文是我撰写的关于搭建“Nginx + PHP(FastCGI)”Web服务器的第4篇文章。本系列文章作为国内最早详细介绍 Nginx + PHP 安装、配置、使用的资料之一,为推动 Nginx 在国内的发展产生了积极的作用。这是一篇关于Nginx 0.7.x系列版本的文章,安装、配置方式与第3篇文章相差不大,但配置参数有不同。Nginx 0.7.x系列版本虽然为开发版,但在很多大型网站的生产环境中已经使用。

链接:《 9月的第1版 》、《 12月的第2版 》、《 6月的第3版 》

Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的,它已经在该站点运行超过两年半了。Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。

Nginx 超越 Apache 的高性能和稳定性,使得国内使用 Nginx 作为 Web 服务器的网站也越来越多,其中包括 新浪博客 、 新浪播客 、 网易新闻 等门户网站频道, 六间房 、 等视频分享网站, Discuz!官方论坛 、 水木社区 等知名论坛, 豆瓣 、 YUPOO相册 、 海内SNS 、 迅雷在线 等新兴Web 2.0网站。

Nginx 的官方中文维基: /NginxChs

在高并发连接的情况下,Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。Nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结果, Nginx 0.7.51 + PHP 5.2.8 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数,相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍 。

根据我的经验,4GB内存的服务器+Apache(prefork模式)一般只能处理3000个并发连接,因为它们将占用3GB以上的内存,还得为系统预留1GB的内存。我曾经就有两台Apache服务器,因为在配置文件中设置的MaxClients为4000,当Apache并发连接数达到3800时,导致服务器内存和Swap空间用满而崩溃。

而这台 Nginx 0.7.51 + PHP 5.2.8 (FastCGI) 服务器在3万并发连接下,开启的10个Nginx进程消耗150M内存(15M*10=150M),开启的64个php-cgi进程消耗1280M内存(20M*64=1280M),加上系统自身消耗的内存,总共消耗不到2GB内存。如果服务器内存较小,完全可以只开启25个php-cgi进程,这样php-cgi消耗的总内存数才500M。

在3万并发连接下,访问Nginx 0.7.51 + PHP 5.2.8 (FastCGI) 服务器的PHP程序,仍然速度飞快。下图为Nginx的状态监控页面,显示的活动连接数为28457(关于Nginx的监控页配置,会在本文接下来所给出的Nginx配置文件中写明):

我生产环境下的两台Nginx + PHP5(FastCGI)服务器,跑多个一般复杂的纯PHP动态程序,单台Nginx + PHP5(FastCGI)服务器跑PHP动态程序的处理能力已经超过“ 700次请求/秒 ”,相当于每天可以承受6000万(700*60*60*24=60480000)的访问量( 更多信息见此 ),而服务器的系统负载也不高:

安装步骤:

(系统要求:Linux 2.6+ 内核,本文中的Linux操作系统为CentOS 5.1,另在RedHat AS4上也安装成功)

一、获取相关开源程序:

1、【适用CentOS操作系统】利用CentOS Linux系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库(RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包,进行安装):

sudo -s

LANG=C

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

2、【适用RedHat操作系统】RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包(事先可通过类似“rpm -qa | grep libjpeg”的命令查看所需的RPM包是否存在,通常是“xxx-devel”不存在,需要安装)。RedHat可以直接利用CentOS的RPM包安装,以下是RPM包下载网址:

①、RedHat AS4 & CentOS 4

/centos/4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/

/centos/4/os/x86_64/CentOS/RPMS/

②、RedHat AS5 & CentOS 5

/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/

/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/

③、RPM包搜索网站

/

/

④、RedHat AS4 系统环境,通常情况下缺少的支持包安装:

Ⅰ、i386 系统

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm

rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm

rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm

rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm

Ⅱ、x86_64 系统

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm

3、【适用CentOS、RedHat及其它Linux操作系统】下载程序源码包:

本文中提到的所有开源软件为截止到 04月14日 的最新稳定版。

①、从软件的官方网站下载:

mkdir -p /data0/software

cd /data0/software

wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

wget /get/php-5.2.8.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

wget http://php-/downloads/head/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz

wget /get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.33.zip/from/http://mysql./

wget /pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

wget "/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0"

wget "/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0"

wget /get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

wget "/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0"

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz

wget /source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

wget /get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz

wget /get/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

②、从 下载(比较稳定,只允许在本站,或者在Linux/Unix下通过Wget、Curl等命令下载以下软件):

mkdir -p /data0/software

cd /data0/software

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.8.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.33.zip

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz

wget /soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

二、安装PHP 5.2.8(FastCGI模式)

1、编译安装PHP 5.2.8所需的支持库:

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

2、编译安装MySQL 5.1.33

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

unzip mysql-5.1.33.zip

cd mysql-5.1.33/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase

make && make install

chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql

cp support-files/my-f /usr/local/webserver/mysql/f

cd ../

附:以下为附加步骤,如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库,则执行以下两步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库,能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库,那么,以下两步无需执行。

①、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表:

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data --user=mysql

②、启动MySQL(最后的&表示在后台运行)

/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/f &

3、编译安装PHP(FastCGI模式)

tar zxvf php-5.2.8.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.8 -p1

cd php-5.2.8/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

cd ../

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz

cd imagick-2.2.2/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

5、修改php.ini文件

手工修改: 查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-0613/"

并在此行后增加以下几行,然后保存:

extension = "memcache.so"

extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

再查找output_buffering = Off

修改为output_buffering = On

自动修改: 若嫌手工修改麻烦,可执行以下shell命令,自动完成对php.ini文件的修改:

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-0613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP:

mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache

vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾,加上以下配置信息:

引用 [eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-0613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="128"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

press="1"

press_level="9"

修改配置文件:

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

输入以下内容:

引用 kernel.shmmax = 134217728

然后执行以下命令使配置生效:

/sbin/sysctl -p

7、创建www用户和组,以及供和 两个虚拟主机使用的目录:

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog

chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog

chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog

mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www

chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www

chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www

8、创建php-fpm配置文件(php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁,可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi):

在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件:

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

输入以下内容(如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试,请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>,以便显示PHP错误信息,否则,Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页): view plain print ? <?xmlversion="1.0"?> <configuration> Allrelativepathsinthisconfigarerelativetophp'sinstallprefix <sectionname="global_options"> Pidfile <valuename="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value> Errorlogfile <valuename="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value> Loglevel <valuename="log_level">notice</value> WhenthisamountofphpprocessesexitedwithSIGSEGVorSIGBUS... <valuename="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value> ...inalessthanthisintervaloftime,agracefulrestartwillbeinitiated. Usefultoworkaroundaccidentalcurruptionsinaccelerator'ssharedmemory. <valuename="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value> Timelimitonwaitingchild'sreactiononsignalsfrommaster <valuename="process_control_timeout">5s</value> Setto'no'todebugfpm <valuename="daemonize">yes</value> </section> <workers> <sectionname="pool"> Nameofpool.Usedinlogsandstats. <valuename="name">default</value> Addresstoacceptfastcgirequestson. Validsyntaxis'ip.ad.re.ss:port'orjust'port'or'/path/to/unix/socket' <valuename="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value> <valuename="listen_options"> Setlisten(2)backlog <valuename="backlog">-1</value> Setpermissionsforunixsocket,ifoneused. InLinuxread/writepermissionsmustbesetinordertoallowconnectionsfromwebserver. ManyBSD-derrivedsystemsallowconnectionsregardlessofpermissions. <valuename="owner"></value> <valuename="group"></value> <valuename="mode">0666</value> </value> Additionalphp.inidefines,specifictothispoolofworkers. <valuename="php_defines"> <valuename="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail-t-i</value> <valuename="display_errors">1</value> </value> Unixuserofprocesses <valuename="user">www</value> Unixgroupofprocesses <valuename="group">www</value> Processmanagersettings <valuename="pm"> Setsstyleofcontrolingworkerprocesscount. Validvaluesare'static'and'apache-like' <valuename="style">static</value> Setsthelimitonthenumberofsimultaneousrequeststhatwillbeserved. EquivalenttoApacheMaxClientsdirective. EquivalenttoPHP_FCGI_CHILDRENenvironmentinoriginalphp.fcgi Usedwithanypm_style. <valuename="max_children">128</value> Settingsgroupfor'apache-like'pmstyle <valuename="apache_like"> Setsthenumberofserverprocessescreatedonstartup. Usedonlywhen'apache-like'pm_styleisselected <valuename="StartServers">20</value> Setsthedesiredminimumnumberofidleserverprocesses. Usedonlywhen'apache-like'pm_styleisselected <valuename="MinSpareServers">5</value> Setsthedesiredmaximumnumberofidleserverprocesses. Usedonlywhen'apache-like'pm_styleisselected <valuename="MaxSpareServers">35</value> </value> </value> Thetimeout(inseconds)forservingasinglerequestafterwhichtheworkerprocesswillbeterminated Shouldbeusedwhen'max_execution_time'inioptiondoesnotstopscriptexecutionforsomereason '0s'means'off' <valuename="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value> Thetimeout(inseconds)forservingofsinglerequestafterwhichaphpbacktracewillbedumpedtoslow.logfile '0s'means'off' <valuename="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value> Thelogfileforslowrequests <valuename="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value> Setopenfiledescrlimit <valuename="rlimit_files">51200</value> Setmaxcoresizerlimit <valuename="rlimit_core">0</value> Chroottothisdirectoryatthestart,absolutepath <valuename="chroot"></value> Chdirtothisdirectoryatthestart,absolutepath <valuename="chdir"></value> Redirectworkers'stdoutandstderrintomainerrorlog. Ifnotset,theywillberedirectedto/dev/null,accordingtoFastCGIspecs <valuename="catch_workers_output">yes</value> Howmuchrequestseachprocessshouldexecutebeforerespawn. Usefultoworkaroundmemoryleaksin3rdpartylibraries. Forendlessrequestprocessingpleasespecify0 EquivalenttoPHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS <valuename="max_requests">500</value> Commaseparatedlistofipv4addressesofFastCGIclientsthatallowedtoconnect. EquivalenttoFCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRSenvironmentinoriginalphp.fcgi(5.2.2+) MakessenseonlywithAF_INETlisteningsocket. <valuename="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value> PassenvironmentvariableslikeLD_LIBRARY_PATH All$VARIABLEsaretakenfromcurrentenvironment <valuename="environment"> <valuename="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value> <valuename="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value> <valuename="TMP">/tmp</value> <valuename="TMPDIR">/tmp</value> <valuename="TEMP">/tmp</value> <valuename="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value> <valuename="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value> <valuename="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value> </value> </section> </workers> </configuration> 9、启动php-cgi进程,监听127.0.0.1的9000端口,进程数为200(如果服务器内存小于3GB,可以只开启64个进程),用户为www:

ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start

注:/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数,包括:start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate,修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi,重新加载配置文件使用reload。

三、安装Nginx 0.7.51

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库:

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz

cd pcre-7.8/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.7.51/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make && make install

cd ../

3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data1/logs

chmod +w /data1/logs

chown -R www:www /data1/logs

4、创建Nginx配置文件

①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件:

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容:

引用 userwww www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log/data1/logs/nginx_error.logcrit;

pid/usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 51200;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_typeapplication/octet-stream;

#charsetgb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zonecrawler$binary_remote_addr10m;

server

{

listen 80;

;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root/data0/htdocs/blog;

#limit_conn crawler20;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_passunix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires30d;

}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

expires1h;

}

log_formataccess'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log/data1/logs/access.logaccess;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name ;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root/data0/htdocs/www;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_passunix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

log_formatwwwlogs'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log/data1/logs/wwwlogs.logwwwlogs;

}

server

{

listen80;

server_namestatus.;

location / {

stub_status on;

access_log off;

}

}

}

②、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件:

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

输入以下内容:

引用 fastcgi_paramGATEWAY_INTERFACECGI/1.1;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_SOFTWAREnginx;

fastcgi_paramQUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_paramREQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_paramCONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_paramCONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_NAME$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_paramREQUEST_URI$request_uri;

fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_ROOT$document_root;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_PROTOCOL$server_protocol;

fastcgi_paramREMOTE_ADDR$remote_addr;

fastcgi_paramREMOTE_PORT$remote_port;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_ADDR$server_addr;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_PORT$server_port;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_NAME$server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_paramREDIRECT_STATUS200;

5、启动Nginx

ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local

在末尾增加以下内容:

引用 ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

五、优化Linux内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾增加以下内容:

引用 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 500065000

使配置立即生效:

/sbin/sysctl -p

六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

1、修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确:

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果屏幕显示以下两行信息,说明配置文件正确:

the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

2、这时,输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号:

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号,例如:

6302

这时,执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效:

kill -HUP 6302

或者无需这么麻烦,找到Nginx的Pid文件:

kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`

七、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

1、创建脚本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

输入以下内容:

引用 #!/bin/bash

# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path

logs_path="/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/

mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log

kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`

2、设置crontab,每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

crontab -e

输入以下内容:

引用 00 00 * * * /bin/bash/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh 本文若有小的修改,会第一时间在以下网址发布:

/post/366.htm

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