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1964年12月，我们小分队在滇西北找矿。小分队一共8人，其中4名警卫战士每人配备一支冲锋枪。一天，出发前，一位纳西族老乡搭我们的车去维西。那天路上积雪很大，雪下的路面坑洼不平，车子行驶一段就会被雪坞住。我们不得不经常下来推车。就在我们又一次下车推车的时候，一群褐黄色的东西慢慢向我们靠近。我们正惊疑、猜测时，纳西族老乡急喊：“快、快赶紧上车，是一群狼。”司机小王赶紧发动车，加大油门……但是很不幸，车轮只是在原地空转，根本无法前进。这时狼群已靠近汽车……大家看得清清楚楚——8只狼，个个都象小牛犊似的，肚子吊得老高。战士小吴抄起冲锋枪，纳西族老乡一手夺下小吴的抢。比较沉着地高声道：“不能开枪，枪一响，它们或钻到车底下或钻进树林，狼群会把车胎咬坏，把我们围起来，然后狼会嚎叫召集来更多的狼和我们拼命。”他接着说：“狼饿疯了，它们是在找吃的，车上可有吃的？”我们几乎同声回答：“有。”“那就扔下去给它们吃。”老乡像是下达命令。从来没有经历过这样的事，当时脑子里一片空白，除了紧张，大脑似乎已经不会思考问题。听老乡这样说，我们毫不犹豫，七手八脚把从丽江买的腊肉、火腿还有十分珍贵的鹿子干巴往下丢了一部分。狼群眼都红了，兴奋地大吼着扑向食物，大口的撕咬吞咽着，刚丢下去的东西一眨眼就被吃光了。老乡继续命令道：“再丢下去一些！”第二批大约50斤肉品又飞出了后车门，也就一袋烟的工夫，又被8只狼分食的干干净净。吃完后8只狼整齐地坐下，盯着后车门。这时，我们几人各个屏气息声，紧张的手心里都是冷汗，甚至能够清晰的听到自己心跳的声音……我们不知道能有什么办法令我们从狼群中突围出去。看到这样的情形，老乡又发话道：“还有吗？一点不留地丢下，想保命就别心疼这些东西了！”此时，除了紧张、害怕还有羞愤……！作为战士，我们是有责任保护好这些物资的，哪怕牺牲自己。但是现实情况是我们的车被坞到雪地里出不来，只能被困在车里。我们的子弹是极有限的，一旦有狼群被召唤来，我们会更加束手无策。我们几人相互看了一眼，迟疑片刻，谁也没有说什么，忍痛将车上所有的肉品，还有十几包饼干全都甩下车去！8只狼又是一顿大嚼。吃完了肉，它们还试探性的嗅了嗅那十几包饼干，但没有吃。这时我清楚地看到狼的肚子已经滚圆，先前暴戾凶恶的目光变得温顺。其中一只狼围着汽车转了两圈，其余7只狼没动。片刻，那只狼带着狼群朝树林钻去......不可思议的事情发生了……不一会儿，8只狼钻出松林，嘴里叼着树枝，分别放到汽车两个后轮下面。我们简直不敢相信自己的眼睛……这些狼的意思是想用树枝帮我们垫起轮胎，让我们的车开出雪窝。我激动地大笑起来……哈……哈……刚笑了两声，另外一个战士忙用手捂住了我的嘴，他怕这突兀的笑声惊毛了狼。接着，8只狼一齐钻到车底，但见汽车两侧积雪飞扬。我眼里滚动着泪花，大呼小王：“狼帮我们扒雪呢，赶快发动车，”车启动了，但是没走两步，又打滑了。狼再次重复刚才的动作：“先往车轮下垫树枝，然后扒雪……”。就这样，每重复一次，汽车就前进一段，大约重复了十来次。最后一次，汽车顺利地向前行了一里多地，接近了山顶。再向前就是下坡路了。这时，8只狼在车后一字排开坐着，其中一只比其他7只狼稍稍向前。老乡说：“靠前面的那只是头狼，主意都是他出的。”我们激动极了，一起给狼鼓掌，并用力地向它们挥手致意。但是这8只可爱的狼对我们的举动并没有什么反应，只是定定地望了望我们，然后，头狼在前，其余随后，缓缓朝山上走去，消失在松林中......看完不忍思考：连凶猛的狼都懂得报恩，我们是否应该反思自身？自诩为“万物灵长”的人类，我们是不是应当让这个世界充满爱？
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今天突发大地震，全球知名的大银行汇丰银行宣布裁员5000人，可谓一石激起千层浪，让世界认为这家银行目前遇到了严重的困境。这家在中国成立、在香港发展壮大的欧洲银行，正面临前所未有的危机。
一波未平，一波又起，除了大量裁员，汇丰银行还面临高层离职的大动荡，其CEO范宁宣布辞职，这引发了市场的大议论，范宁表示汇丰银行目前遇到巨大的挑战和不确定性。
同时汇丰银行大中华区行政总裁黄碧娟也立刻宣布辞职，这些高层离开汇丰银行，这实际上蕴藏了巨大的危机。
这是汇丰银行以退为进对自己进行拯救的一种策略，因为汇丰银行向美国政府栽赃陷害华为，让美国政府进而对华为进行管制并逮捕其CFO提供虚假的证据，从而失去了华为的信任，失去了客户的信任，失去了中国的信任，这家银行正面临前所未有的危机。
汇丰银行因为参与了国际洗钱活动，并对国际恐怖组织提供融资等银行服务，被美国政府逮住，美国政府威胁对汇丰银行施以巨额罚款，并进行严厉的制裁。
在这个时候，汇丰银行为了讨好美国政府，以求降低惩罚，向美国政府提供虚假证据，说中国公司华为的子公司与伊朗进行商业来往，违反了美国对伊朗进行制裁的决定。
而汇丰银行当时知道那家公司早就与华为没有关系，不是华为的子公司，华为也没有与其有业务来往，但是汇丰银行却向美国政府提供虚假的信息，出卖客户，让华为陷入了被动。
而美国政府之前一直试图寻找针对华为的证据，现在汇丰银行主动送上虚假证据，这个时候美国政府求之不得，管它真假，把华为CFO扣留了再说，然后将华为列入管制清单。
这一连串针对华为的打压，让华为突然陷入了被动，引发了全球巨大的风波，幸好华为早就有所提防，而且自己实力超级雄厚，才挺过了美国政府一波接一波的打击。
任正非因此对汇丰非常愤怒，抨击汇丰银行，说明明知道华为与这家公司并没有关系，却故意向美国政府提供虚假信息，做假证，让华为陷入旋涡。
紧接着，中国政府宣布，中国正在制订不信任名单，那些违反契约精神，伤害了中国公司合法权益的组织、公司，都可能被纳入非信任名单，中国制订不信任名单，是一个巨大的进步。
一旦被中国列入不信任名单，后果将是灾难的，中国政府将会对其进行制裁，也将失去中国所有的客户。失去了中国这个巨大的市场，这对于很多企业是不敢想象的。
目前，有三家企业，因为臭名昭着的行为，很可能被中国政府列入不信任名单，一是美国的联邦快递，这家公司竟然非法挟持华为的快递，将华为的快递挟持到了美国，而且多次发生。
中国也对联邦快递发起了调查，让这家公司彻底慌了，公开表示这是美国政府要求他们做的，一旦失去了中国这个庞大的市场，这家公司的业绩暴跌了80%。
还有就是美国的伟创力公司，这家美国的代工巨头，在特朗普宣布对华为列入管制清单后，竟然撕毁合同，停止代工华为的产品，并恶意扣押了华为价值数亿的物料。
这一恶劣行为引起了哗然，不但华为停止了与其合作，中国的公司都停止了与这家公司的合作，这家美国公司几乎陷入了停摆，损失惨重。
最后一家就是汇丰，这家公司出卖自己的客户，栽赃陷害华为，已经引发了国人愤怒谴责，而这一事件爆发后，汇丰银行自己也陷入了恐慌。
汇丰银行原本希望提供虚假的情报，以糊弄美国政府，希望减轻处罚，没想到美国政府却把事情越高越大，最终让事情曝光，最终汇丰银行成为了全世界都知道的罪魁祸首。
汇丰银行如此卑劣的行径，一旦被中国列入不信任名单，对其打击将是灾难性的，汇丰银行的主要盈利市场就在大中华区，一边赚中国的钱，一边出卖中国，肯定会扑街的。
实际上，汇丰银行这家银行，在全世界都劣迹斑斑，在墨西哥与毒贩做生意，在中东与恐怖组织做生意，不断出卖客户，只不过这次栽赃嫁祸华为，终于引火上身。
无论是联邦快递，还是伟创力，还是汇丰银行，多行不义必自毙，我们要庆幸华为足够的强大，才能抵抗住这么多恶意的打击，我们也要感谢祖国的强大，因为祖国的强大，这些背信弃义的外国公司终于得到了报应，天道有轮回，苍天饶过谁！
169. Don"t let yesterday use up too much of today. 别留念昨天了，把握好今天吧。(Will Rogers) 170. If you are not brave enough, no one will back you up. 你不勇敢，没人替你坚强。171. If you don"t build your dream, someone will hire you to build theirs. 如果你没有梦想，那么你只能为别人的梦想打工。172. Beauty is all around, if you just open your heart to see. 只要你给自己机会，你会发现你的世界可以很美丽。173. The difference in winning and losing is most often...not quitting. 赢与输的差别通常是--不放弃。(华特·迪士尼) 174. I am ordinary yet unique. 我很平凡，但我独一无二。175. I like people who make me laugh in spite of myself. 我喜欢那些让我笑起来的人，就算是我不想笑的时候。176. Image a new story for your life and start living it. 为你的生命想一个全新剧本，并去倾情出演吧！177. I"d rather be a happy fool than a sad sage. 做个悲伤的智者，不如做个开心的傻子。178. The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。(埃莉诺·罗斯福) 179. Even if you get no applause, you should accept a curtain call gracefully and appreciate your own efforts. 即使没有人为你鼓掌，也要优雅的谢幕，感谢自己的认真付出。180. Don"t let dream just be your dream. 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧，见的世面多了，你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧，管它会怎样。185. A good plan today is better than a perfect plan tomorrow. 今天的好计划胜过明天的完美计划。186. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says "I"m possible"! 一切皆有可能！“不可能”的意思是：“不，可能。”(奥黛丽·赫本) 187. Life isn"t fair, but no matter your circumstances, you have to give it your all. 生活是不公平的，不管你的境遇如何，你只能全力以赴。188. No matter how hard it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up. 无论多么艰难，都要继续前进，因为只有你放弃的那一刻，你才输了。When Paul Jobs was mustered out of the Coast Guard after World War II, he made a wager with his crewmates. They had arrived in San Francisco, where their ship was decommissioned, and Paul bet that he would find himself a wife within two weeks. He was a taut, tattooed engine mechanic, six feet tall, with a passing resemblance to James Dean. But it wasn’t his looks that got him a date with Clara Hagopian, a sweet-humored daughter of Armenian immigrants. It was the fact that he and his friends had a car, unlike the group she had originally planned to go out with that evening. Ten days later, in March 1946, Paul got engaged to Clara and won his wager. It would turn out to be a happy marriage, one that lasted until death parted them more than forty years later. Paul Reinhold Jobs had been raised on a dairy farm in Germantown, Wisconsin. Even though his father was an alcoholic and sometimes abusive, Paul ended up with a gentle and calm disposition under his leathery exterior. After dropping out of high school, he wandered through the Midwest picking up work as a mechanic until, at age nineteen, he joined the Coast Guard, even though he didn’t know how to swim. He was deployed on the USS General M. C. Meigs and spent much of the war ferrying troops to Italy for General Patton. His talent as a machinist and fireman earned him commendations, but he occasionally found himself in minor trouble and never rose above the rank of seaman. Clara was born in New Jersey, where her parents had landed after fleeing the Turks in Armenia, and they moved to the Mission District of San Francisco when she was a child. She had a secret that she rarely mentioned to anyone: She had been married before, but her husband had been killed in the war. So when she met Paul Jobs on that first date, she was primed to start a new life. Clara, however, loved San Francisco, and in 1952 she convinced her husband to move back there. They got an apartment in the Sunset District facing the Pacific, just south of Golden Gate Park, and he took a job working for a finance company as a “repo man,” picking the locks of cars whose owners hadn’t paid their loans and repossessing them. He also bought, repaired, and sold some of the cars, making a decent enough living in the process. There was, however, something missing in their lives. They wanted children, but Clara had suffered an ectopic pregnancy, in which the fertilized egg was implanted in a fallopian tube rather than the uterus, and she had been unable to have any. So by 1955, after nine years of marriage, they were looking to adopt a child. Like Paul Jobs, Joanne Schieble was from a rural Wisconsin family of German heritage. Her father, Arthur Schieble, had immigrated to the outskirts of Green Bay, where he and his wife owned a mink farm and dabbled successfully in various other businesses, including real estate and photoengraving. He was very strict, especially regarding his daughter’s relationships, and he had strongly disapproved of her first love, an artist who was not a Catholic. Thus it was no surprise that he threatened to cut Joanne off completely when, as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, she fell in love with Abdulfattah “John” Jandali, a Muslim teaching assistant from Syria. Jandali was the youngest of nine children in a prominent Syrian family. His father owned oil refineries and multiple other businesses, with large holdings in Damascus and Homs, and at one point pretty much controlled the price of wheat in the region. His mother, he later said, was a “traditional Muslim woman” who was a “conservative, obedient housewife.” Like the Schieble family, the Jandalis put a premium on education. Abdulfattah was sent to a Jesuit boarding school, even though he was Muslim, and he got an undergraduate degree at the American University in Beirut before entering the University of Wisconsin to pursue a doctoral degree in political science. In the summer of 1954, Joanne went with Abdulfattah to Syria. They spent two months in Homs, where she learned from his family to cook Syrian dishes. When they returned to Wisconsin she discovered that she was pregnant. They were both twenty-three, but they decided not to get married. Her father was dying at the time, and he had threatened to disown her if she wed Abdulfattah. Nor was abortion an easy option in a small Catholic community. So in early 1955, Joanne traveled to San Francisco, where she was taken into the care of a kindly doctor who sheltered unwed mothers, delivered their babies, and quietly arranged closed adoptions. Joanne had one requirement: Her child must be adopted by college graduates. So the doctor arranged for the baby to be placed with a lawyer and his wife. But when a boy was born—on February 24, 1955—the designated couple decided that they wanted a girl and backed out. Thus it was that the boy became the son not of a lawyer but of a high school dropout with a passion for mechanics and his salt-of-the-earth wife who was working as a bookkeeper. Paul and Clara named their new baby Steven Paul Jobs. When Joanne found out that her baby had been placed with a couple who had not even graduated from high school, she refused to sign the adoption papers. The standoff lasted weeks, even after the baby had settled into the Jobs household. Eventually Joanne relented, with the stipulation that the couple promise—indeed sign a pledge—to fund a savings account to pay for the boy’s college education. There was another reason that Joanne was balky about signing the adoption papers. Her father was about to die, and she planned to marry Jandali soon after. She held out hope, she would later tell family members, sometimes tearing up at the memory, that once they were married, she could get their 别让梦想只停留在梦里。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 没有笑声的一天是浪费了的一天。(卓别林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧，见的世面多了，你会发现原来在意的那些结根本算不了什么。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功关键都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 开心一点吧，管它会怎样。baby boy back. Arthur Schieble died in August 1955, after the adoption was finalized. Just after Christmas that year, Joanne and Abdulfattah were married in St. Philip the Apostle Catholic Church in Green Bay. He got his PhD in international politics the next year, and then they had another child, a girl named Mona. After she and Jandali divorced in 1962, Joanne embarked on a dreamy and peripatetic life that her daughter, who grew up to become the acclaimed novelist Mona Simpson, would capture in her book Anywhere but Here. Because Steve’s adoption had been closed, it would be twenty years before they would all find each other. Steve Jobs knew from an early age that he was adopted. “My parents were very open with me about that,” he recalled. He had a vivid memory of sitting on the lawn of his house, when he was six or seven years old, telling the girl who lived across the street. “So does that mean your real parents didn’t want you?” the girl asked. “Lightning bolts went off in my head,” according to Jobs. “I remember running into the house, crying. And my parents said, ‘No, you have to understand.’ They were very serious and looked me straight in the eye. They said, ‘We specifically picked you out.’ Both of my parents said that and repeated it slowly for me. And they put an emphasis on every word in that sentence.” Abandoned. Chosen. Special. Those concepts became part of who Jobs was and how he regarded himself. His closest friends think that the knowledge that he was given up at birth left some scars. “I think his desire for complete control of whatever he makes derives directly from his personality and the fact that he was abandoned at birth,” said one longtime colleague, Del Yocam. “He wants to control his environment, and he sees the product as an extension of himself.” Greg Calhoun, who became close to Jobs right after college, saw another effect. “Steve talked to me a lot about being abandoned and the pain that caused,” he said. “It made him independent. He followed the beat of a different drummer, and that came from being in a different world than he was born into.” Later in life, when he was the same age his biological father had been when he abandoned him, Jobs would father and abandon a child of his own. (He eventually took responsibility for her.) Chrisann Brennan, the mother of that child, said that being put up for adoption left Jobs “full of broken glass,” and it helps to explain some of his behavior. “He who is abandoned is an abandoner,” she said. Andy Hertzfeld, who worked with Jobs at Apple in the early 1980s, is among the few who remained close to both Brennan and Jobs. “The key question about Steve is why he can’t control himself at times from being so reflexively cruel and harmful to some people,” he said. “That goes back to being abandoned at birth. The real underlying problem was the theme of abandonment in Steve’s life.” Jobs dismissed this. “There’s some notion that because I was abandoned, I worked very hard so I could do well and make my parents wish they had me back, or some such nonsense, but that’s ridiculous,” he insisted. “Knowing I was adopted may have made me feel more independent, but I have never felt abandoned. I’ve always felt special. My parents made me feel special.” He would later bristle whenever anyone referred to Paul and Clara Jobs as his “adoptive” parents or implied that they were not his “real” parents. “They were my parents 1,000%,” he said. When speaking about his biological parents, on the other hand, he was curt: “They were my sperm and egg bank. That’s not harsh, it’s just the way it was, a sperm bank thing, nothing more.” Silicon Valley The childhood that Paul and Clara Jobs created for their new son was, in many ways, a stereotype of the late 1950s. When Steve was two they adopted a girl they named Patty, and three years later they moved to a tract house in the suburbs. The finance company where Paul worked as a repo man, CIT, had transferred him down to its Palo Alto office, but he could not afford to live there, so they landed in a subdivision in Mountain View, a less expensive town just to the south. There Paul tried to pass along his love of mechanics and cars. “Steve, this is your workbench now,” he said as he marked off a section of the table in their garage. Jobs remembered being impressed by his father’s focus on craftsmanship. “I thought my dad’s sense of design was pretty good,” he said, “because he knew how to build anything. If we needed a cabinet, he would build it. When he built our fence, he gave me a hammer so I could work with him.” Fifty years later the fence still surrounds the back and side yards of the house in Mountain View. As Jobs showed it off to me, he caressed the stockade panels and recalled a lesson that his father implanted deeply in him. It was important, his father said, to craft the backs of cabinets and fences properly, even though they were hidden. “He loved doing things right. He even cared about the look of the parts you couldn’t see.” His father continued to refurbish and resell used cars, and he festooned the garage with pictures of his favorites. He would point out the detailing of the design to his son: the lines, the vents, the chrome, the trim of the seats. After work each day, he would change into his dungarees and retreat to the garage, often with Steve tagging along. “I figured I could get him nailed down with a little mechanical ability, but he really wasn’t interested in getting his hands dirty,” Paul later recalled. “He never really cared too much about m189. It requires hard work to give off an appearance of effortlessness. 你必须十分努力，才能看起来毫不费力。190. Life is like riding a bicycle.To keep your balance,you must keep moving. 人生就像骑单车，只有不断前进，才能保持平衡。(爱因斯坦) 191. Be thankful for what you have.You"ll end up having more. 拥有一颗感恩的心，最终你会得到更多。192. Beauty is how you feel inside, and it reflects in your eyes. 美是一种内心的感觉，并反映在你的眼睛里。(索菲亚·罗兰) 193. Friendship doubles your joys, and divides your sorrows. 朋友的作用，就是让你快乐加倍，痛苦减半。194. When you long for something sincerely, the whole world will help you. 当你真心渴望某样东西时，整个宇宙都会来帮忙。echanical things.” “I wasn’t that into fixing cars,” Jobs admitted. “But I was eager to hang out with my dad.” Even as he was growing more aware that he had been adopted, he was becoming more attached to his father. One day when he was about eight, he discovered a photograph of his father from his time in the Coast Guard. “He’s in the engine room, and he’s got his shirt off and looks like James Dean. It was one of those Oh wow moments for a kid. Wow, oooh, my parents were actually once very young and really good-looking.” Through cars, his father gave Steve his first exposure to electronics. “My dad did not have a deep understanding of electronics, but he’d encountered it a lot in automobiles and other things he would fix. He showed me the rudiments of electronics, and I got very interested in that.” Even more interesting were the trips to scavenge for parts. “Every weekend, there’d be a junkyard trip. We’d be looking for a generator, a carburetor, all sorts of components.” He remembered watching his father negotiate at the counter. “He was a good bargainer, because he knew better than the guys at the counter what the parts should cost.” This helped fulfill the pledge his parents made when he was adopted. “My college fund came from my dad paying $50 for a Ford Falcon or some other beat-up car that didn’t run, working on it for a few weeks, and selling it for $250—and not telling the IRS.” The Jobses’ house and the others in their neighborhood were built by the real estate developer Joseph Eichler, whose company spawned more than eleven thousand homes in various California subdivisions between 1950 and 1974. Inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright’s vision of simple modern homes for the American “everyman,” Eichler built inexpensive houses that featured floor-to-ceiling glass walls, open floor plans, exposed post-and-beam construction, concrete slab floors, and lots of sliding glass doors. “Eichler did a great thing,” Jobs said on one of our walks around the neighborhood. “His houses were smart and cheap and good. They brought clean design and simple taste to lower-income people. They had awesome little features, like radiant heating in the floors. You put carpet on them, and we had nice toasty floors when we were kids.” Jobs said that his appreciation for Eichler homes instilled in him a passion for making nicely designed products for the mass market. “I love it when you can bring really great design and simple capability to something that doesn’t cost much,” he said as he pointed out the clean elegance of the houses. “It was the original vision for Apple. That’s what we tried to do with the first Mac. That’s what we did with the iPod.” Across the street from the Jobs family lived a man who had become successful as a real estate agent. “He wasn’t that bright,” Jobs recalled, “but he seemed to be making a fortune. So my dad thought, ‘I can do that.’ He worked so hard, I remember. He took these night classes, passed the license test, and got into real estate. Then the bottom fell out of the market.” As a result, the family found itself financially strapped for a year or so while Steve was in elementary school. His mother took a job as a bookkeeper for Varian Associates, a company that made scientific instruments, and they took out a second mortgage. One day his fourth-grade teacher asked him, “What is it you don’t understand about the universe?” Jobs replied, “I don’t understand why all of a sudden my dad is so broke.” He was proud that his father never adopted a servile attitude or slick style that may have made him a better salesman. “You had to suck up to people to sell real estate, and he wasn’t good at that and it wasn’t in his nature. I admired him for that.” Paul Jobs went back to being a mechanic. His father was calm and gentle, traits that his son later praised more than emulated. He was also resolute. Jobs described one exampl What made the neighborhood different from the thousands of other spindly-tree subdivisions across America was that even the ne’er-do-wells tended to be engineers. “When we moved here, there were apricot and plum orchards on all of these corners,” Jobs recalled. “But it was beginning to boom because of military investment.” He soaked up the history of the valley and developed a yearning to play his own role. Edwin Land of Polaroid later told him about being asked by Eisenhower to help build the U-2 spy plane cameras to see how real the Soviet threat was. The film was dropped in canisters and returned to the NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, not far from where Jobs lived. “The first computer terminal I ever saw was when my dad brought me to the Ames Center,” he said. “I fell totally in love with it.” Other defense contractors sprouted nearby during the 1950s. The Lockheed Missiles and Space Division, which built submarine-launched ballistic missiles, was founded in 1956 next to the NASA Center; by the time Jobs moved to the area four years later, it employed twenty thousand people. A few hundred yards away, Westinghouse built facilities that produced tubes and electrical transformers for the missile systems. “You had all these military companies on the cutting edge,” he recalled. “It was mysterious and high-tech and made living here very exciting.” In the wake of the defense industries there arose a booming economy based on technology. Its roots stretched back to 1938, when David Packard and his new wife moved into a house in Palo Alto that had a shed where his friend Bill Hewlett was soon ensconced. The house had a garage—an appendage that would prove both useful and iconic in the valley—in which they tinkered around until they had their first product, an audio oscillator. By the 1950s, Hewlett-Packard was a fast-growing company making technical instruments. Fortunately there was a place nearby for entrepreneurs who had outgrown their garages. In a move that would help transform the area into the cradle of the tech revolution, Stanford University’s dean of engineering, Frederick Terman, created a seven-hundred-acre industrial park on university land for private companies that could commercialize the ideas of his students. Its first tenant was Varian Associates, where Clara Jobs worked. “Terman came up with this great idea that did more than anything to cause the tech industry to grow up here,” Jobs said. By the time Jobs was ten, HP had nine thousand employees and was the blue-chip company where every engineer seeking financial stability wanted to work. The most important technology for the region’s growth was, of course, the semiconductor. William Shockley, who had been one of the inventors of the transistor at Bell Labs in New Jersey, moved out to Mountain View and, in 1956, started a company to build transistors using silicon rather than the more expensive germanium that was then commonly used. But Shockley became increasingly erratic and abandoned his silicon transistor project, which led eight of his engineers—most notably Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore—to break away to form Fairchild Semiconductor. That company grew to twelve thousand employees, but it fragmented in 1968, when Noyce lost a power struggle to become CEO. He took Gordon Moore and founded a company that they called Integrated Electronics Corporation, which they soon smartly abbreviated to Intel. Their third employee was Andrew Grove, who later would grow the company by shifting its focus from memory chips to microprocessors. Within a few years there would be more than fifty companies in the area making semiconductors. The exponential growth of this industry was correlated with the phenomenon famously discovered by Moore, who in 1965 drew a graph of the speed of integrated circuits, based on the number of transistors that could be placed on a chip, and showed that it doubled about every two years, a trajectory that could be expected to continue. This was reaffirmed in 1971, when Intel was able to etch a complete central processing unit onto one chip, the Intel 4004, tronic amplifier. “So I raced home, and I told my dad that he was wrong.” “No, it needs an amplifier,” his father assured him. When Steve protested otherwise, his father said he was crazy. “It can’t work without an amplifier. There’s some trick.” “I kept saying no to my dad, telling him he had to see it, and finally he actually walked down with me and saw it. And he said, ‘Well I’ll be a bat out of hell.’” Jobs recalled the incident vividly because it was his first realization that his father did not know everything. Then a more disconcerting discovery began to dawn on him: He was smarter than his parents. He had always admired his father’s competence and savvy. “He was not an educated man, but I had always thought he was pretty damn smart. He didn’t read much, but he could do a lot. Almost everything mechanical, he could figure it out.” Yet the carbon microphone incident, Jobs said, began a jarring process of realizing that he was in fact more clever and quick than his parents. “It was a very big moment that’s burned into my mind. When I realized that I was smarter than my parents, I felt tremendous shame for having thought that. I will never forget that moment.” This discovery, he later told friends, along with the fact that he was adopted, made him feel apart—detached and separate—from both his family and the world. Another layer of awareness occurred soon after. Not only did he discover that he was brighter than his parents, but he discovered that they knew this. Paul and Clara Jobs were loving parents, and they were willing to adapt their lives to suit a son who was very smart—and also willful. They would go to great lengths to accommodate him. And soon Steve discovered this fact as well. “Both my parents got me. They felt a lot of responsibility once they sensed that I was special. They found ways to keep feeding me stuff and putting me in better schools. They were willing to defer to my needs.” So he grew up not only with a sense of having once been abandoned, but also with a sense that he was special. In his own mind, that was more important in the formation of his personality. School Even before Jobs started elementary school, his mother had taught him how to read. This, however, led to some problems once he got to school. “I was kind of bored for the first few years
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