名词的重要考点
名词的复数变化
变化规则:
①一般在词尾加“s”如: desk+s [-ks]，bag+s [-gz]，bed+s[-dz]，hat+s [-ts]
②以字母 s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词变复数，通常在词尾加“es”，如：bus+es [-iz]，box+es [-iz]，brush+es [-iz]，watch + es [-iz]
③以字母o结尾的名词变复数, 一般在词尾加“s”,也有加es的,如:photo+s [-z] ，tomato+es [-z]
④以f或fe结尾的名词一般变f或fe为v再加es,例如:
knife ─ knives[-vz]，leaf ─ leaves [-vz]
⑤以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变复数时改y为i,再加es, 如: baby ─ babies，factory ─ factories
例：There are ____ in the field. They e eating grass.
A. a horse B. much horses
C. many horseD. many horses
答案：D
例：Look at the _____. You can see ____ and ______.
A. photos; potatoes, tomatoes,radioes
B. photoes; potatoes, tomatoes, radios
C. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radios
D. photoes; potatos, tomatos, radioes
答案：C
名词复数的不规则变化就需要我们记忆了
sheep ─ sheep fish─fish
foot─feet tooth ─ teeth
man ─ men child ─ children
注意：某些名词只有复数形式,例如:people (人们) clothes (衣服) trousers (裤子) police (警察) glasses (眼镜)
不可数名词的量
【分析】不可数名词的量化表达
a piece of，a bag of，a bottle of，a cup of，a glass of，a basket of
例：He often has ____ forbreakfast.
A. two breads B. two piece of breads
C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads
答案：C
例：Id like some water, but he wants ________.
A. two bottleorange
B. two bottles of orange
C. two bottlesoranges
D. two bottles of oranges
答案：B
名词所有格
有生命的名词所有格，其构成分下列四种:
1) 在单数名词后加s, 如:Toms book，my fathers friend
2) 在以s结尾的复数名词后只加 : the students desks，theteachers office
3) 在不以s结尾的复数名词后加s: mens clothes (男服)， Childrens Day
4) 如并列名词属各自所有的东西,则在名词后分别加s，如：
Toms and Mikes bikes (汤姆和迈克各自的车子)
如并列名词为其共有, 则只需在最后名词加s，如：John and Jims room (约翰和吉姆的屋子)
表示无生命的名词所有格常用of短语构成:
the window of the classroom (教室的窗户)
students of Class 2 (二班的学生)
在表示所属物的名词前有冠词,数词,指示代词或不定代词时,常用of + 名词所有格(名词性物主代词)形式,
例如:a friend of my fathers (我父亲的一位朋友)
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