根据句子的结构可分为:① 简单句——一主一谓
②并列句——由等立连词and, but, so, for把两个(以上)的简单句连在一起构成。
③复合句——一个主句+从句(一个或以上)构成。
定义
根据从句在复合句中的作用,分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
总述
1.主语从句——在句中作主语,可用it作形式主语
e.g. What you said sounds reasonable.
It is well known/reported/thought/said/… that…
It is natural/surprising/necessary/certain/true/clear… that…
It is a pity/a shame/an honour/no surprise/no wonder… that…
It doesn’t matter whether…
It seems\appears that… It happens that…碰巧
2. 表语从句-----位于系动词之后,表语从句还可用as if/as though/because/why引导
e.g. The question is who can complete the difficult task.
3.同位语从句-----跟在名词后面,进一步说明该名词的具体内容。名词主要有:fact, news(word), promise, idea, truth, thought, suggestion, hope, proposal, doubt等。一般用that引导,不省略,不用which..也可用whether (不用if), who, what, which, when, where, how , why
e.g. The news that our team has won the match is true.
4.宾语从句
1)作及物动词或介词的宾语(it可作形式宾语;注意whether和if区别)
2)直接引语和间接引语
I doubt whether\if he will keep his word. I don’t doubt that our team will win.