英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，被动语态的结构是主语+be+过去分词，其中be动词体现时态，过去分词done体现被动。下面以动词do为例，总结出各种时态的被动语态。
1.一般现在时：am (is, are) + done.
如：主动语态：我们打扫教室。
We clean the classroom.
被动语态：教室被我们打扫。
The classroom is cleaned by us.
2.一般过去时：was (were) + done
如：主动语态：我们昨晚打扫了教室。
We cleaned the classroom last night.
被动语态：昨晚教室被我们打扫了。
The classroom was cleaned by us last night.
3.一般将来时：will (shall) be + done
如：主动语态：我们明天将打扫教室。
We will clean the classroom tomorrow.
被动语态：明天教室将被我们打扫。
The classroom will be cleaned by us tomorrow.
4.现在进行时：am (is, are) being + done
如：主动语态：我们正在打扫教室。
We are cleaning the classroom.
被动语态：教室正被我们打扫。
The classroom is being cleaned by us.
5.过去进行时：was (were) being + done
如：主动语态：昨晚这个时候我们正在打扫教室。
We were cleaning the classroom at this moment last night.
被动语态：昨晚这个时候教室正在被我们打扫。
The classroom was being cleaned by us at this moment last night.
6.现在完成时：have (has) been + done
如：主动语态：我们已经打扫了教室。
We have cleaned the classroom.
被动语态：教室已经被我们打扫了。
The classroom has been cleaned by us.
7.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be + done
如：主动语态：我们必须打扫教室。
We must clean the classroom.
被动语态：教室必须被我们打扫。
The classroom must be cleaned by us.
练一练：
一、根据句意，用括号中词的适当形式填空。
1. Cakes (eat) by us a moment ago.
2. At that time, the radio (mend) by him.
3. The problem (solve) soon.
4. A new film (show) now.
5. No notes should (bring) to the English exam, boys and girls!
6. ---Why not go fishing?
---It (sound) great.
7. These books (send) to the village already.
8. English (speak) in Australia.
二、将下列句子变成被动语态。
1. I have bought a nice bicycle.
A nice bicycle by me.
2. He is going to write a letter to his mother tomorrow.
A letter to his mother by him tomorrow.
3. My aunt gave me a present yesterday.
A present me by my aunt yesterday.
4. We’ll build a new railway next year.
A new railway next year.
5. The professor is translating the famous book now.
The famous book by the professor now.
6. People usually plant trees in spring.
Trees in spring.
7. You should make a plan at first.
A plan at first.
8. He was studying English at 6 o’clock yesterday.
English by him at 6 o’clock yesterday.
答案见下期
上一期答案：
一、用since和for填空。
1. Jill has been in Ireland since Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland for three days.
3. Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there since 7 oclock.
5. India has been an independent country since 1974.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。—— 词形大“变态”
1. He has lived (live) in Beijing since he was born.
2. My friend, Chang Li, bought (buy) a new car last week.
3. We haven’t heard (not hear) from them for a long time.
4. I haven’t read (not read) the book before.
5. Mother made (make) me a new coat yesterday.
6. I saw (see) him go into the hotel just now.
原标题：小升初英语必考语法之被动语态
