文章目录
1.多进程版本服务端启动服务端客户端启动客户端本地测试2.多线程版本3.模板线程池版本线程池代码：设计任务Task.h服务端代码1.多进程版本
这里选择创建子进程，让子进程再创建子进程。父进程等待子进程，子进程的子进程处理业务逻辑。因为子进程是直接退出，子进程的子进程变成孤儿进程被系统管理，所以父进程在等待的时候不是阻塞等待的，所以可以处理多条链接请求。
或者可以忽略SIGCHID信号让子进程不需要等待。
服务端
pragma once #include<iostream>#include<unistd.h>#include<sys/types.h>#include<sys/socket.h>#include<arpa/inet.h>#include<netinet/in.h>#include<string.h>#include<fcntl.h>#include<signal.h>#include<sys/wait.h>#define DEF_PORT 8081class TcpSever{private:int port;int listen_sock;//监听套接字public: TcpSever(int _port=DEF_PORT):port(_port),listen_sock(-1){}void InitSever(){listen_sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);//IPV4流式套接if(listen_sock<0){std::cerr<<"监听套接字创建失败"<<std::endl;exit(-1);}//绑定struct sockaddr_in local;memset(&local,'\0',sizeof(local));//初始化结构体local.sin_family=AF_INET;local.sin_port=htons(port);//主机转网络local.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;//随机绑定服务器ipif(bind(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local))<0){std::cerr<<"绑定失败"<<std::endl;exit(-2);}//建立链接#define BACK_LOG 5if(listen(listen_sock,BACK_LOG)<0){std::cerr<<"链接失败"<<std::endl;exit(-3);}}//获取链接void Loop(){//获取客户端信息struct sockaddr_in client;//signal(SIGCHID,hander);//hander是信号捕捉方法while(true){socklen_t len=sizeof(client);//获取新链接int sock=accept(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);if(sock<0){std::cerr<<"接受链接失败"<<std::endl;continue;//继续接受其他链接请求}//多进程处理多个客户端pid_t id=fork();if(id==0)//子进程{//子进程,与子进程的子进程不关心listen_sockclose(listen_sock);if(fork()>0){exit(0);//子进程直接退出后子进程的子进程变为孤儿进程被守护进程接管，不用等待了}//子进程的子进程,处理业务std::cout<<"获取新连接成功! ip["<<inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr)<<"] port["<<ntohs(client.sin_port)<<"]"<<std::endl;//整数ip转为字符ip形式,网络字节端口转化为本地端口//开始服务std::string CIp=inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr);int CPort=ntohs(client.sin_port);Sever(sock,CIp,CPort);exit(0);}//不能使用阻塞等待，可以使用信号机制忽略SIGCHID信号，或者使用两次fork函数close(sock);//父进程不关心客户端的链接请求，请求交给子进程做。waitpid(id,nullptr,0);//不会阻塞，因为id进程创建完子进程会立即退出，所以不会阻塞。}}void Sever(int sock,std::string&ip,int port){char buff[1024];while(true){memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));ssize_t ReadSize=read(sock,buff,sizeof(buff)-1);if(ReadSize>0){buff[ReadSize]='\0';//添加字符串结束标志std::cout<<"Client["<<ip<<"-port-"<<port<<"]# "<<buff<<std::endl;write(sock,buff,ReadSize);//向客户端写入数据}else if(ReadSize==0){//对端关闭链接std::cout<<"Client["<<ip<<"-port-"<<port<<"]# 关闭"<<std::endl;break;}else{std::cerr<<sock<<"读取错误"<<std::endl;break;}}std::cout<<"服务终止"<<std::endl;}~TcpSever(){if(listen_sock>=0){close(listen_sock);}}};
启动服务端
#include"Tcp_Sever.h"// Tcp_Sever +portvoid User(char*name){std::cout<<name<<" + port"<<std::endl;}int main(int argc,char*argv[]){if(argc!=2){User(argv[0]);exit(-1);}TcpSever*Sever=new TcpSever(atoi(argv[1]));//将字符串形式的端口号转化为整数形式Sever->InitSever();Sever->Loop();return 0;}
客户端
#pragma once#include<iostream>#include<unistd.h>#include<sys/types.h>#include<sys/socket.h>#include<netinet/in.h>#include<arpa/inet.h>#include<string>#include<string.h>class TcpClient{private:std::string sev_ip;//服务器ipint sev_port;int sock;public:TcpClient(std::string _ip,int _sev_port):sev_ip(_ip),sev_port(_sev_port),sock(-1){}void InitClient(){sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);if(sock<0){std::cerr<<"创建套接字失败"<<std::endl;exit(-1);}//客户端不需要绑定监听}//启动客户端void Start(){//向服务器发送链接//填充服务器信息struct sockaddr_in sever;memset(&sever,0,sizeof(sever));sever.sin_family=AF_INET;sever.sin_port=htons(sev_port);//服务器开放的端口sever.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(sev_ip.c_str());//服务器的ip地址if(connect(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&sever,sizeof(sever))==0){//与服务器交互std::cout<<"发送交互请求成功"<<std::endl;Request(sock);}else{std::cerr<<"交互失败"<<std::endl;}}void Request(int Sock){std::string meg;while(true){std::cout<<"输入信息#";std::cin>>meg;char buff[1024];write(Sock,meg.c_str(),meg.size());//读取服务器发送的消息ssize_t ReadSize=read(sock,buff,sizeof(buff)-1);if(ReadSize>0){buff[ReadSize]='\0';}std::cout<<"Sever#"<<buff<<std::endl;}}~TcpClient(){if(sock>=0){close(sock);}}};
启动客户端
#include"Tcp_Client.h"// ./Tcp_Client +ip +portvoid User(char*name){std::cout<<name<<" + sever_ip + sever_port"<<std::endl;}int main(int argc,char*argv[]){if(argc!=3){User(argv[0]);exit(-1);}TcpClient*Client=new TcpClient(argv[1],atoi(argv[2]));Client->InitClient();Client->Start();return 0;}
本地测试
2.多线程版本
注意：在类内部的成员函数，调用类内非静态成员函数时会自动带this指针。而线程执行的函数要求void* Hander(void*)类型，所以线程执行函数要用static修饰
详情见Linux_线程池
客户端代码不需要改变
#pragma once #include<iostream>#include<unistd.h>#include<sys/types.h>#include<sys/socket.h>#include<arpa/inet.h>#include<netinet/in.h>#include<string.h>#include<fcntl.h>#include<signal.h>#include<sys/wait.h>#include<pthread.h>#define DEF_PORT 8081//通信结构体class Pragram{public:int sock;std::string ip;int port;Pragram(int _sock,std::string _ip,int _port):sock(_sock),ip(_ip),port(_port){}};class TcpSever{private:int port;int listen_sock;//监听套接字public: TcpSever(int _port=DEF_PORT):port(_port),listen_sock(-1){}void InitSever(){listen_sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);//IPV4流式套接if(listen_sock<0){std::cerr<<"监听套接字创建失败"<<std::endl;exit(-1);}//绑定struct sockaddr_in local;memset(&local,'\0',sizeof(local));//初始化结构体local.sin_family=AF_INET;local.sin_port=htons(port);//主机转网络local.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;//随机绑定服务器ipif(bind(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local))<0){std::cerr<<"绑定失败"<<std::endl;exit(-2);}//建立链接#define BACK_LOG 5if(listen(listen_sock,BACK_LOG)<0){std::cerr<<"链接失败"<<std::endl;exit(-3);}std::cout<<"服务启动成功"<<std::endl;}//获取链接void Loop(){//获取客户端信息struct sockaddr_in client;//signal(SIGCHID,hander);//hander是信号捕捉方法while(true){socklen_t len=sizeof(client);//获取新链接int sock=accept(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);if(sock<0){std::cerr<<"接受链接失败"<<std::endl;continue;//继续接受其他链接请求}pthread_t tid;std::string ip=inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr);int port=ntohs(client.sin_port);Pragram*msg=new Pragram(sock,ip,port);pthread_create(&tid,nullptr,HanderQuest,msg);}}private:static void* HanderQuest(void*arg){Pragram*msg=(Pragram*)arg;pthread_detach(pthread_self());//线程分离std::cout<<"获取新连接成功"<<"[ ip:"<<msg->ip<<" port:"<<msg->port<<" ]"<<std::endl;Sever(msg->sock,msg->ip,msg->port);close(msg->sock);delete msg;return nullptr;}static void Sever(int sock,std::string&ip,int port){char buff[1024];while(true){memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));ssize_t ReadSize=read(sock,buff,sizeof(buff)-1);if(ReadSize>0){buff[ReadSize]='\0';//添加字符串结束标志std::cout<<"Client["<<ip<<"-port-"<<port<<"]# "<<buff<<std::endl;write(sock,buff,ReadSize);//向客户端写入数据}else if(ReadSize==0){//对端关闭链接std::cout<<"Client["<<ip<<"-port-"<<port<<"]# 关闭"<<std::endl;break;}else{std::cerr<<sock<<"读取错误"<<std::endl;break;}}std::cout<<"服务终止"<<std::endl;}~TcpSever(){if(listen_sock>=0){close(listen_sock);}}};
3.模板线程池版本
线程池代码：
PthreadPool.h
#pragma once #include<iostream>#include<pthread.h>#include<queue>#define NUM 5template<typename Task>class ThreadPool{private:std::queue<Task> _task_queue;//临界资源pthread_mutex_t _lock;int _thread_num;pthread_cond_t _cond;public:ThreadPool(int Num=NUM):_thread_num(Num){pthread_mutex_init(&_lock,nullptr);pthread_cond_init(&_cond,nullptr);}bool IsEmpty(){return _task_queue.empty();}static void*Routine(void*arg)//静态函数无隐含的this指针{pthread_detach(pthread_self());ThreadPool<Task>*self=(ThreadPool<Task>*)arg;while(true){pthread_mutex_lock(&(self->_lock));while(self->IsEmpty())//循环检测临界资源是否就绪{//休眠pthread_cond_wait(&(self->_cond),&(self->_lock));}//任务队列有任务Task t;self->Pop(t);pthread_mutex_unlock(&(self->_lock));//解锁后处理任务t.Run();}}void Push(const Task&in)//外部添加任务{pthread_mutex_lock(&_lock);_task_queue.push(in);//唤醒一个线程pthread_cond_signal(&_cond);pthread_mutex_unlock(&_lock);}void Pop(Task&out)//线程获取任务{out=_task_queue.front();_task_queue.pop();}~ThreadPool(){pthread_mutex_destroy(&_lock);pthread_cond_destroy(&_cond);}void InitThreadPool(){pthread_t tid;for(int i=0;i<_thread_num;i++){pthread_create(&tid,nullptr,Routine,this);//为了避免传参时C++传this指针，在线程执行方法上带static。传参数时将this指针传到线程执行方法上。 }}};
设计任务Task.h
#pragma once #include<iostream>#include<string>#include<unistd.h>#include<string.h>struct Hander{void operator()(int sock,std::string&ip,int port){char buff[1024];while(true){memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));ssize_t ReadSize=read(sock,buff,sizeof(buff)-1);if(ReadSize>0){buff[ReadSize]='\0';//添加字符串结束标志std::cout<<"Client["<<ip<<"-port-"<<port<<"]# "<<buff<<std::endl;write(sock,buff,ReadSize);//向客户端写入数据}else if(ReadSize==0){//对端关闭链接std::cout<<"Client["<<ip<<"-port-"<<port<<"]# 关闭"<<std::endl;break;}else{std::cerr<<sock<<"读取错误"<<std::endl;break;}}std::cout<<"服务终止"<<std::endl;close(sock);}};class Task{private:int sock;std::string ip;int port;Hander condut;//仿函数public:Task()=default;Task(int _sock,std::string _ip,int _port):sock(_sock),ip(_ip),port(_port){}void Run(){condut(sock,ip,port);}};
服务端代码
#pragma once #include<iostream>#include<unistd.h>#include<sys/types.h>#include<sys/socket.h>#include<arpa/inet.h>#include<netinet/in.h>#include<string.h>#include<fcntl.h>#include<signal.h>#include<sys/wait.h>#include<pthread.h>#include"ThreadPool.h"#include"Task.h"#define DEF_PORT 8081//通信结构体class Pragram{public:int sock;std::string ip;int port;Pragram(int _sock,std::string _ip,int _port):sock(_sock),ip(_ip),port(_port){}};class TcpSever{private:int port;int listen_sock;//监听套接字ThreadPool<Task>*Pool;public: TcpSever(int _port=DEF_PORT):port(_port),listen_sock(-1),Pool(nullptr){}void InitSever(){listen_sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);//IPV4流式套接if(listen_sock<0){std::cerr<<"监听套接字创建失败"<<std::endl;exit(-1);}//绑定struct sockaddr_in local;memset(&local,'\0',sizeof(local));//初始化结构体local.sin_family=AF_INET;local.sin_port=htons(port);//主机转网络local.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;//随机绑定服务器ipif(bind(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local))<0){std::cerr<<"绑定失败"<<std::endl;exit(-2);}//建立链接#define BACK_LOG 5if(listen(listen_sock,BACK_LOG)<0){std::cerr<<"链接失败"<<std::endl;exit(-3);}std::cout<<"服务启动成功"<<std::endl;Pool=new ThreadPool<Task>(10);//10个线程}//获取链接void Loop(){Pool->InitThreadPool();//获取客户端信息struct sockaddr_in client;//signal(SIGCHID,hander);//hander是信号捕捉方法while(true){socklen_t len=sizeof(client);//获取新链接int sock=accept(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);if(sock<0){std::cerr<<"接受链接失败"<<std::endl;continue;//继续接受其他链接请求}std::string ip=inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr);int port=ntohs(client.sin_port);Task asig(sock,ip,port);Pool->Push(asig);}}~TcpSever(){if(listen_sock>=0){close(listen_sock);}}};
客户端代码不需要改变
实现解耦
